Agrochemical

We are professional manufacturer and exporter enjoying a high reputation in the agrochemicals such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, fertilizer, raticides.

Pesticide

Pesticide is biological, physical, or chemical agent used to kill plants or animals that are harmful to people; in practice, the term pesticide is often applied only to chemical agents. Various pesticides are known as insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, herbicides, and rodenticides, i.e., agents primarily effective against insects, nematodes (or roundworms), fungi, weeds, and rodents, respectively. Among the biological agents, parasites and predators feed on pests; pathogens sicken them. Physical agents crush, wound, smother, or otherwise injure pests. Chemical pesticides are usually contact, stomach, or fumigant poisons. Contact poisons may have immediate or delayed effects after physical contact with a pest. DDT, the use of which is now illegal in many places, is both a contact and a stomach poison. Pesticides are applied in various forms: wet sprays, dusts, atomizable fluids, low pressure aerosols, smokes, and seed dressings.

Insecticide

The modern history of chemical insecticides in the United States dates from 1867, when Paris green proved effective against the Colorado potato beetle. Within a decade Paris green and kerosene oil emulsion were being employed against a variety of chewing and sucking insects. In the early part of the 20th cent. fluorine compounds and plant-derived insecticides were developed. Except for plant derivatives such as nicotine, pyrethrin, and rotenone, early insecticides were almost all inorganic chemicals. The discovery in Europe in 1939 of the insecticidal value of DDT, a synthetic organic compound, led to the synthesis of thousands of organic molecules in a search for potent chemicals. Today several hundred chemical insecticidal agents are registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and licensed in more than 10,000 formulations. Promptly effective, easy to use, and readily available, chemicals have become the modern weapons of choice against insects, contributing to stable food and fiber productivity, to human and animal health, and to the comfort and quality of human life.

Herbicide

Herbicide is chemical compound that kills plants or inhibits their normal growth. A herbicide in a particular formulation and application can be described as selective or nonselective. In agriculture, selective herbicides are often used instead of tillage, or in combination with tillage and other agronomic practices, to control weeds without damaging crops. For these low-till or no-till systems, scientists are using biotechnology to develop crop varieties with increased tolerance for herbicides. Nonselective herbicides, toxic to all plants, are used where complete control of plant growth is required. Contact herbicides kill only the parts of the plant they touch; systemic herbicides are absorbed by foliage or roots and translocated to other parts of the plant. Some herbicides, mixed into the soil, will kill germinating seeds and small seedlings.

Fungicide

Fungicide is any substance used to destroy Fungi. Sulfur compounds, long used to destroy fungi on plants, have been supplemented for some time by other chemicals, especially by compounds of copper, such as Bordeaux mixture. Organic salts of iron, zinc, and mercury are also synthesized as fungicides. Fungicides, including formaldehyde, are applied also to seeds and soil for the destruction of vegetative spores. Plant fungicides are usually applied by spraying or dusting. Fungicides used on wood, including creosote, prevent dry rot, and certain compounds are used to make fabrics resistant to mildews. Antibiotic and sulfa drugs are used for human fungus diseases as well as for fungus diseases of plants. Most agricultural fungicides are preventive; those applied after infection are called eradicant, or contact, fungicides.

Fertilizer

Fertilizer is organic or inorganic material containing one or more of the nutrients-mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and other essential elements required for plant growth. Added to the soil or other medium, fertilizers provide plant nutrients that are naturally lacking or that have been removed by harvesting or grazing, or by physical processes such as leaching or erosion. Organic fertilizers include animal and green manure, fish and bone meal, and compost. Microorganisms in the soil decompose organic material, making its elements available for use by plants. Inorganic or artificial fertilizers (also called chemical or mineral fertilizers) are formulated in appropriate concentrations and combinations for various crops and growing conditions. The most popular inorganic fertilizers include: anhydrous ammonia, a gas that is 82% nitrogen; urea, a solid compound containing 46% nitrogen; superphosphate; and diammonium phosphate, containing 18% nitrogen and 46% phosphate. Fertilizers may be spread over the soil surface or plowed under, drilled into deep or shallow layers of the soil, applied in bands under the rows where the seeds are to be sown, drilled into the bands at the time of planting, or side-dressed between planted rows. Nitrogen fertilizer washing from farms into surface waters promotes overgrowth of aquatic vegetation, which degrades water quality and can cause eutrophication. Use of inorganic nitrogen suppresses nitrogen- fixing soil bacteria, making agriculture increasingly dependant on artificial fertilizer.

Rodenticides

Rodenticides are defined as any substance that is used to kill rats, mice, and other rodent pests. Warfarin, Bromodiolone and Difenacoum are some examples. These substances kill by preventing normal blood clotting and causing internal hemorrhaging. Fumigants such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, and methyl bromide are also effective rodenticides. In the past, Phosphorus paste, barium carbonate salt, and powders such as zinc phosphide, white arsenic, thallium sulfate, strychnine, strychnine sulfate, and calcium cyanide used to be mixed with bait and placed where rodents will find and eat them. All these poisons are toxic to other animals, and most cause death by disturbance of nervous-system functions. Red squill, a rodenticide derived from the bulbs of a lilylike subtropical plant, is slower-acting and less toxic to animals other than rodents because it is removed from the stomach by vomiting--a reflex that is absent in rodents.

Plant growth regulator

Growth and development of plants, like all organisms, is regulated by a combination of genetic factors and environment influences.

A multitude of growth activities are under specific chemical controls. Such chemicals are known as plant growth regulators, or plant hormones. Other growth activities are subject to environmental cues, including photoperiod, temperature, pressure and moisture changes. One of the differences between plant responses and animal responses is that plant responses to the environment often involve differential growth patterns rather than behavioral activities in response to positive or negative stimuli. In this section we will be discussing some of the chemical plant growth regulators as well as plant typical responses to environmental cues and how those responses are internally signaled.